Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history
✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time
✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques
✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

47

Seshat Regions

West Africa (Africa)

Southern Europe (Europe)

East Africa (Africa)

Central Europe (Europe)

Anatolia-Caucasus (Southwest Asia)

Western Europe (Europe)

Iran (Southwest Asia)

North China (East Asia)

and 39 more ... in 10 Macro Regions.

862

Polities

Early Nyoro (in: Central Africa) 900 CE 1449 CE

Post-Mauryan Kingdoms (in: Southern India) 205 BCE 101 BCE

Japan - Late Jomon (in: Northeast Asia) 2500 BCE 1200 BCE

Vijayanagara Empire (in: Southern India) 1336 CE 1646 CE

Ganzhou Kingdom (in: North China) 893 CE 1036 CE

French Kingdom - Early Valois (in: Western Europe) 1328 CE 1450 CE

Bahmani Sultanate (in: Southern India) 1347 CE 1518 CE

Northern Maravi Kingdom (in: Southern Africa) 1500 CE 1621 CE

and 854 more ... in 47 Seshat Regions.

Seshat

General Variables
26 variables 8888 records

Alternative Name (Identity and Location)

Polity Peak Years (Temporal Bounds)

Polity Capital (Identity and Location)

Polity Language (Language)

Polity Religion (Religion)

Degree of Centralization (Temporal Bounds)

Succeeding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

Relationship to Preceding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

and 18 more ... for 542 Polities

Social Complexity Variables
77 variables 26068 records

Polity Territory (Social Scale)

Polity Population (Social Scale)

Settlement Hierarchy (Hierarchical Complexity)

Irrigation System (Specialized Buildings: polity owned)

Merit Promotion (Bureaucracy Characteristics)

Formal Legal Code (Law)

Road (Transport Infrastructure)

Postal Station (Information / Postal System)

and 69 more ... for 619 Polities

Warfare Variables
49 variables 17536 records

Bronze (Military use of Metals)

Javelin (Projectiles)

Battle Axe (Handheld Weapons)

Sword (Handheld Weapons)

Horse (Animals used in warfare)

Small Vessels (canoes, etc) (Naval technology)

Shield (Armor)

Wooden Palisade (Fortifications)

and 41 more ... for 376 Polities

Human Sacrifice
357 records

Safavid Empire: Absent 1505 CE 1722 CE

Rum Sultanate: Absent 1093 CE 1243 CE

Segou Kingdom: Present 1650 CE 1711 CE

Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I: Absent 1260 CE 1347 CE

Proto-French Kingdom: Absent 987 CE 1149 CE

Phoenician Empire: Present 1180 BCE 1031 BCE

Kampili Kingdom: Absent 1280 CE 1310 CE

Northern Wei: Absent 386 CE 534 CE

and 349 more ... coded for 323 Polities

CrisisDB

Power Transitions
Overturn / Intra-Elite / Military Revolt / Popular Uprising / Separatist Rebellion / External Invasion / External Interference / Predecessor Assassination 
946 CE 967 CE (Heian)
Murakami Reizei
1034 CE 1041 CE (Byzantine Empire II)
Michael IV, the Paphlagonian Michael V, Calaphates and Zoe
1727 CE 1739 CE (Nawabs of Bengal)
Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan Sarfaraz Khan
527 CE 537 CE (Early Classic Tikal)
Bird Claw ("Animal Skull I", "Ete I") Wak Chan K'awiil ("Double-Bird")
Overturn Intra-Elite
1868 CE 1910 CE (Rattanakosin)
Rama V (Phrachulachomklao/Chulalongkorn) Rama VI (Phramongkutklao/Vajiravudh)
1124 CE 1139 CE (Pala Empire)
Kumarapala Gopala IV
1797 CE 1803 CE (Mutapa)
Chicde Changara II
1845 CE 1846 CE (Early United Mexican States)
Mariano Paredes Jose Mariano Salas
Overturn Intra-Elite

and 3439 more ... coded for 264 Polities

Crisis Consequences
Population Decline / Population Collapse / Elite Downward Mobility / Elite Extermination / Uprising / Revolution / Successful Revolution / Civil War / Lasted > a Century / Capital Loss / External Conquest / Ruler Assassination / Ruler Depose / Constitution Change / Labor Change / Unfree Labor Change / Suffrage / Public Goods Change / Religion Change 
950 BCE 900 BCE (Neo-Hittite Kingdoms)
Decline of Neo-Hittites
Fragmentation External Conquest Constitution Change
1748 CE 1803 CE (Mughal Empire)
Fragmentation of the Mughal Empire
Population Decline Epidemic Elite Downward Mobility Civil War Fragmentation External Conquest Ruler Depose Constitution Change
509 BCE (Roman Kingdom)
Foundation of the Roman Republic
Population Decline Elite Downward Mobility Revolution Successful Revolution Civil War Constitution Change
20 BCE 6 CE (Armenian Kingdom)
Civil War and collapse
Uprising Civil War External Conquest Ruler Assassination
904 CE 1003 CE (Saffarid Caliphate)
Civil War and downfall of Saffarids
Uprising Civil War External Conquest Ruler Depose
1910 CE 1920 CE (Early United Mexican States)
Mexican Revolution
Uprising Revolution Successful Revolution Civil War Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose Constitution Change
1618 CE 1648 CE (Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I)
Seventeenth Century Crisis, Thirty Years' War
Population Decline Epidemic Elite Downward Mobility Elite Extermination Civil War Religion Change
30 BCE (Ptolemaic Kingdom II)
Roman conquest of Egypt
Elite Downward Mobility Civil War External Conquest Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose

and 161 more ... coded for 153 Polities

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database
Date / Violence Type / Violence Subtype(s) / Location(s) / Fatalities / Narrative / Source(s)

Nov. 1, 2014 Terrorism (education) in Florida (FL), Tallahassee: 1 was killed.   Reuters

Feb. 1, 1980 Riot (prison) in New Mexico (NM), Santa Fe: 33 were killed.   Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

Aug. 1, 1911 Riot (labor) in UNKNOWN (UNK), Cleveland: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

June 21, 2024 Terrorism in Arkansas (AR): 4 were killed.   ACLED: The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data

Feb. 1, 1866 Riot (section) in Tennessee (TN), Knoxville: 2 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

March 1, 2013 Terrorism (political) in Texas (TX), Austin: 3 were killed.   Reuters

Oct. 1, 1868 Assassination (political) in Louisiana (LA), Mary: 2 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

May 6, 2023 Terrorism (race) in Texas (TX), Allen, Collin: 9 were killed.   ACLED: The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data

and 1941 more ...