Home Region: East Africa (Africa)

Early Sultanate of Aussa

1734 CE 1895 CE

D G SC R

New EA et_aussa_sultanate

Preceding Entity: Add one more here.

[elite migration; Imamate of Aussa] [elite replacement] Update here

Succeeding Entity:

No Polity found. Add one here.

General Description

The Aussa Sultanate succeeded the Imamate of Aussa during the first half of the eighteenth century. The Aussa Sultanate was established by the Mudaito Dynasty of the Asaimara (Redhouse) branch of the Danakil clan. According to Abir, the Sultanate’s peak phase was during the eighteenth century with a decline in the first year of the nineteenth century. Tensions between local raiding groups also put a strain on the Sultanate sometime in the early-nineteenth century when the Adoimara (Whitehouse) Danakil forced the Mudaito Sultan to share revenues with their clan. ^[1]
The Sultanate of Aussa also fought off foreign invasions in the nineteenth century, particularly against the Egyptian invading army in 1875 when the Sultan of Aussa killed Werner Munzinger in battle. During the mid-nineteenth century, the Sultanate of Aussa was forced to make pacts with the Italian colonists as Italy expanded its territory in the Horn of Africa. These agreements with Italy and the Sultanate of Aussa brought mistrust as the Ethiopian government was suspicious of the sultanate especially during the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
In 1935/36 during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, the Sultan of Ausa, Mahammad Yayyo agreed to cooperate with the Italian invaders. After World War II the Sultanate still controlled a moderate amount of influence in the Awash Valley of the Afar region. To this day there is a Sultan of Aussa. ^[2]

[1]: (Abir 2008, 554) Abir, M. 2008. ‘Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa’ In The Cambridge History of Africa c. 1600 – c. 1790. Edited by Richard Gray. Vol 4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/JHH9VH96/library

[2]: (Mekonnen 2013, 48) Mekonnen, Yohannes K. 2013. Ethiopia: The Land, Its People, History and Culture. New Africa Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/QQ9ZECMI/collection

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

3 Alternative Name

Temporal Bounds

1 Peak Years

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Succeeding Entity

1 Relationship to preceding Entity

1 Polity Succession

Language

1 Linguistic Family

1 Language

Religion

1 Religious Tradition

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

Hierarchical Complexity

Professions

Bureaucracy Characteristics

Law

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Communal Building

1 Utilitarian Public Building

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

1 Port

1 Bridge

Special-purpose Sites

1 Trading Emporia

1 Special Purpose Site

1 Ceremonial Site

1 Burial Site

Information / Writing System

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Foreign Coin

1 Article

Information / Postal System

Information / Measurement System

1 Weight Measurement System

1 Volume Measurement System

1 Time Measurement System

1 Length Measurement System

1 Area Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

Military use of Metals

Projectiles

Handheld weapons

Animals used in warfare

Armor

Naval technology

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.

Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

Instability Events

17 Instability Event

General Variables

Identity and Location Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	37 N	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Original Name	Early Sultanate of Aussa	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Alternative Name	Awsa Sultanate	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Alternative Name	Afar Sultante	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Alternative Name	Mudaito Dynasty	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Temporal Bounds Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Peak Years	[1700 CE ➜ 1780 CE]
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Duration	[1734 CE ➜ 1895 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Succeeding Entity	Italian East Africa	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Relationship to Preceding Entity	elite migration	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Preceding Entity	elite migration; Imamate of Aussa [elite replacement] Update here
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Language Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	Afro-Asiatic	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Language	Qafar	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Religion Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Religious Tradition	Islam	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Hierarchical Complexity Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Professions Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Bureaucracy Characteristics Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Law Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Specialized Buildings: polity owned Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Communal Building	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Port	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Bridge	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Trading Emporia	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Special Purpose Site	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Ceremonial Site	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Burial Site	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Information / Writing System Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Information / Kinds of Written Documents Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Sacred Text	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Religious Literature	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Calendar	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Information / Money Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Foreign Coin	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Article	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Information / Postal System Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Information / Measurement System Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Weight Measurement System	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Volume Measurement System	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Time Measurement System	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Length Measurement System	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Area Measurement System	Present Inferred	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Military use of Metals Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Projectiles Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Handheld weapons Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Animals used in warfare Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Armor Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Naval technology Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Present	1734 CE 1895 CE
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Human Sacrifice Early Sultanate of Aussa (et_aussa_sultanate)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More