[1]: (El-Shahawy 2005, 31) A El-Shahawy. 2005. The Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press.
[2]: (Dodson 2016, 9) Aidan Dodson. 2016. ’Go West: On the Ancient Means of Approach to the Saqqara Necropolis’, in Mummies, Magic and Medicine in Ancient Egypt: Multidisciplinary Essays for Rosalie David, edited by Campbell Price, Roger Forshaw, Andrew Chamberlain and Paul Nicholson, 3-18. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
[3]: (Moreno García 2014) Juan Carlos Moreno García. 2014. ’Invaders or Just Herders? Libyans in Egypt in the Third and Second Millennia BCE’. World Archaeology 46: 610-23.
[4]: (Bard 2000, 64-65) Kathryn A. Bard. 2000. ’The Emergence of the Egyptian State (c. 3200-2686 BC)’, in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw, 57-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[5]: (Malek 2000, 104) Jaromir Malek. 2000. ’The Old Kingdom (c. 2686-2160 BC)’, in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw, 83-107. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[6]: (Thompson 2012, 1) Dorothy J. Thompson. 2012. Memphis under the Ptolemies. 2nd ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[7]: (Mumford 2010, 331) Gregory D. Mumford. 2010. ’Settlements - Distribution, Structure, Architecture: Pharaonic’, in A Companion to Ancient Egypt, Volume 1, edited by Alan B Lloyd, 326-49. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
[8]: (Engel 2013, 20-38) Eva-Maria Engel. 2013. ’The Organisation of a Nascent State: Egypt until the Beginning of the 4th Dynasty’, in Ancient Egyptian Administration, edited by Juan Carlos Moreno García, 19-40. Leiden: Brill.
[9]: (Papazian 2013, 67-68) Hratch Papazian. 2013. ’Departments, Treasuries, Granaries and Work Centers’, in Ancient Egyptian Administration, edited by Juan Carlos Moreno García, 41-83. Leiden: Brill.
[10]: (Bard 2000, 75) Kathryn A. Bard. 2000. ’The Emergence of the Egyptian State (c. 3200-2686 BC)’, in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw, 57-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[11]: (Bard 2000, 60) Kathryn A. Bard. 2000. ’The Emergence of the Egyptian State (c. 3200-2686 BC)’, in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw, 57-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[12]: (Moreno García 2013, 190) Juan Carlos Moreno García. 2013. ’Building the Pharaonic State: Territory, Elite, and Power in Ancient Egypt during the 3rd Millennium BCE’, in Experiencing Power - Generating Authority: Cosmos and Politics in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, edited by J. A. Hill, Ph. H. Jones, A. J. Morales, 185-217. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
[13]: (Moreno Garcia 2013, 190-192) Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia. ’Building the Pharaonic state: Territory, elite, and power in ancient Egypt in the 3rd millennium BCE’ in Ancient Egyptian Administration edited by Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia. Leiden: Brill.
[14]: (Bard 2000, 66-67) Kathryn A. Bard. 2000. ’The Emergence of the Egyptian State (c. 3200-2686 BC)’, in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw, 57-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[15]: (Trigger 1983, 51) Bruce G. Trigger. 1983. ’The Rise of Egyptian Civilization’, in Ancient Egypt: A Social History edited by Bruce G. Trigger, Barry J. Kemp, David O’Connor and Alan B Lloyd, 1-70. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
| Year Range | Egypt - Dynasty II (eg_dynasty_2) was in: |
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| (2900 BCE 2651 BCE) | Upper Egypt |
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| Capital | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Degree of Centralization | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population of the Largest Settlement | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Polity Territory | 2900 BCE 2801 BCE |
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| Polity Territory | 2800 BCE 2701 BCE |
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| Polity Territory | 2700 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Polity Population | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Settlement Hierarchy | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Religious Level | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Military Level | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Administrative Level | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional Soldier | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Professional Priesthood | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specialized Government Building | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Merit Promotion | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Full Time Bureaucrat | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional Lawyer | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Judge | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Formal Legal Code | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Court | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Irrigation System | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Food Storage Site | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Drinking Water Supply System | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Entertainment Building | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Road | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Port | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Canal | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Bridge | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mines or Quarry | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Written Record | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Script | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Phonetic Alphabetic Writing | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Nonwritten Record | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Non Phonetic Writing | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Literature | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Scientific Literature | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Religious Literature | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Practical Literature | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Philosophy | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Lists Tables and Classification | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Fiction | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Calendar | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Article | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Courier | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Stone Walls Non Mortared | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Stone Walls Mortared | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Stone Walls Mortared | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Settlements in a Defensive Position | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Fortified Camp | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Complex Fortification | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Variable | Coded Value / Certainty Tags | Year(s) | See More | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tension Siege Engine | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Sling Siege Engine | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Sling | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Self Bow | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Javelin | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Handheld Firearm | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Gunpowder Siege Artillery | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Crossbow | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Composite Bow | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Atlatl | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| War Club | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Sword | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Spear | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Polearm | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Dagger | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Battle Axe | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Variable | Coded Value / Certainty Tags | Year(s) | See More | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wood Bark Etc | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Shield | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Scaled Armor | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Plate Armor | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Limb Protection | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Leather Cloth | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Laminar Armor | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Helmet | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Chainmail | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Breastplate | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moralizing Enforcement is Broad | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Certain | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE |
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| Variable | Coded Value / Certainty Tags | Year(s) | See More |
|---|