Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history
✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time
✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques
✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

47

Seshat Regions

West Africa (Africa)

Southern Europe (Europe)

East Africa (Africa)

Central Europe (Europe)

Anatolia-Caucasus (Southwest Asia)

Western Europe (Europe)

Iran (Southwest Asia)

North China (East Asia)

and 39 more ... in 10 Macro Regions.

862

Polities

Holy Roman Empire - Fragmented Period (in: Central Europe) 1255 CE 1453 CE

Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico (in: Mexico) 1200 CE 1426 CE

Himyar II (in: Arabia) 378 CE 525 CE

Roman Empire - Principate (in: Southern Europe) 31 BCE 284 CE

Naqada I (in: Northeast Africa) 3800 BCE 3550 BCE

Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period (in: Northeast Africa) 1720 BCE 1567 BCE

French Kingdom - Late Bourbon (in: Western Europe) 1660 CE 1815 CE

Democratic Republic of Vietnam (in: Mainland Southeast Asia) 1954 CE 1975 CE

and 854 more ... in 47 Seshat Regions.

Seshat

General Variables
26 variables 8888 records

Alternative Name (Identity and Location)

Polity Peak Years (Temporal Bounds)

Polity Capital (Identity and Location)

Polity Language (Language)

Polity Religion (Religion)

Degree of Centralization (Temporal Bounds)

Succeeding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

Relationship to Preceding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

and 18 more ... for 542 Polities

Social Complexity Variables
77 variables 26068 records

Polity Territory (Social Scale)

Polity Population (Social Scale)

Settlement Hierarchy (Hierarchical Complexity)

Irrigation System (Specialized Buildings: polity owned)

Merit Promotion (Bureaucracy Characteristics)

Formal Legal Code (Law)

Road (Transport Infrastructure)

Postal Station (Information / Postal System)

and 69 more ... for 619 Polities

Warfare Variables
49 variables 17536 records

Bronze (Military use of Metals)

Javelin (Projectiles)

Battle Axe (Handheld Weapons)

Sword (Handheld Weapons)

Horse (Animals used in warfare)

Small Vessels (canoes, etc) (Naval technology)

Shield (Armor)

Wooden Palisade (Fortifications)

and 41 more ... for 376 Polities

Human Sacrifice
357 records

Monopalatial Crete: Absent 1450 BCE 1301 BCE

Susiana - Early Ubaid: Unknown 5100 BCE 4701 BCE

Egypt - Dynasty II: Present 2900 BCE 2687 BCE

Naqada II: Present 3550 BCE 3301 BCE

Yemen - Era of Warlords: Absent 1038 CE 1174 CE

Ak Koyunlu: Absent 1339 CE 1501 CE

Monopalatial Crete: Present 1450 BCE 1301 BCE

Sarazm: Unknown 3500 BCE 2001 BCE

and 349 more ... coded for 323 Polities

CrisisDB

Power Transitions
Overturn / Intra-Elite / Military Revolt / Popular Uprising / Separatist Rebellion / External Invasion / External Interference / Predecessor Assassination 
1248 CE 1251 CE (Mongol Empire)
Interregnum Möngke Khan (Hsien Tsung, Mengge)
44 BCE 30 BCE (Ptolemaic Kingdom II)
Ptolemy XV Caesarion end of polity
Overturn External Invasion External Inteference Predecessor Assassination
1569 CE 1572 CE (Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth)
Sigismund II Augustus Henry of Valois
External Inteference
129 BCE 126 BCE (Seleucid Empire)
Demetrius II Alexander II
Overturn Intra-Elite External Invasion
1556 CE (Republic of Venice III)
Francesco Venier Lorenzo Priuli
- (Ak Koyunlu)
Alvand Beg Ismail I
Overturn Military Revolt External Invasion
972 CE 973 CE (Rashtrakuta Empire)
Karka II Indra IV
Overturn Military Revolt Separatist Rebellion External Inteference Predecessor Assassination
1797 CE 1803 CE (Mutapa)
Chicde Changara II

and 3439 more ... coded for 264 Polities

Crisis Consequences
Population Decline / Population Collapse / Elite Downward Mobility / Elite Extermination / Uprising / Revolution / Successful Revolution / Civil War / Lasted > a Century / Capital Loss / External Conquest / Ruler Assassination / Ruler Depose / Constitution Change / Labor Change / Unfree Labor Change / Suffrage / Public Goods Change / Religion Change 
235 CE 284 CE (Roman Empire - Principate)
Third Century Crisis
Population Decline Epidemic Elite Downward Mobility Civil War Ruler Assassination
1140 CE 1300 CE (Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase)
Site abandonment, internal conflict, increasing inequality
Population Decline Lasted > a Century
1516 CE 1517 CE (Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III)
Fall of the Burji dynasty
Capital Loss External Conquest Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose Constitution Change
640 CE 660 CE (Wari Empire)
Wari Crisis in the Seventh Century
Population Decline Population Collapse Epidemic Uprising Civil War
1470 CE 1500 CE (Inca Empire)
Inca succession crisis'
Uprising
1455 CE 1487 CE (Plantagenet England)
Wars of the Roses
Population Decline Epidemic Elite Downward Mobility Uprising Civil War Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose
339 BCE 200 BCE (Third Scythian Kingdom)
Downfall of the Scythians
Population Decline Fragmentation External Conquest
1917 CE 1923 CE (Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II)
Russian Revolution and Civil War
Population Decline Elite Downward Mobility Elite Extermination Uprising Revolution Successful Revolution Civil War Fragmentation Capital Loss Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose Constitution Change Religion Change

and 161 more ... coded for 153 Polities

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database
Date / Violence Type / Violence Subtype(s) / Location(s) / Fatalities / Narrative / Source(s)

Oct. 1, 1919 Riot (labor) in Pennsylvania (PA), Donora: 2 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Aug. 1, 2009 Terrorism (gender) in Pennsylvania (PA), Bridgeville: 4 were killed.   The New York Times

March 14, 2023 Terrorism in Alabama (AL), Birmingham, Ragland: 4 were killed.   MKADB: (Mass Killings in America 2006 - present) Data from the AP-USA

Aug. 1, 1915 Lynching (race) in Georgia (GA), Bainbridge: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Nov. 1, 1868 Riot (political, race) in Tennessee (TN), Pulaski: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

May 1, 1943 Riot (race) in Texas (TX), El Paso: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

May 1, 1907 Riot (extralegal) in Illinois (IL), Mendota: 3 were killed.   Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

Feb. 1, 1916 Lynching (race) in Georgia (GA), Bartow: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

and 1941 more ...